Water pollution: sources, effects, control and
management
ABSTRACT
Human activities including industrialization and agricultural practices contributed immensely in
no small measure to the degradation and pollution of the environment which adversely has an effect on
the water bodies (rivers and ocean) that is a necessity for life. This paper tries to discuss basically what
water pollution is and equally to address the source, effect control and water pollution management as
a whole. Some recommendations such as introduction of environmental education were mentioned.
Keyword: Environmental Education; Pollution; Management; Phytoremediation; Biomass and Control
1. INTRODUCTION
The importance of water for sustenance of life cannot be overemphasized. Whether it is
in use of running water in our homes, rearing cattle and growing crops in our farms, or the
increased uses in industry, remain immeasurable. It is important therefore, to not that
depletion of this commodity either through contamination, or careless use results in serous
consequences.
2. WATER POLLUTION
Water is considered polluted if some substances or condition is present to such a degree
that the water cannot be used for a specific purpose. Olaniran (1995) defined water pollution
to be the presence of excessive amounts of a hazard (pollutants) in water in such a way that it
is no long suitable for drinking, bathing, cooking or other uses. Pollution is the introduction of
a contamination into the environment (Webster.com, 2010). It is created by industrial and
commercial waster, agricultural practices, everyday human activities and most notably,
models of transportation. No matter where you go and what you do, there are remnants earths
environmental and its inhabitants in many ways. The three main types of pollution are: Land
Pollution, Air Pollution and Water Pollution. Both for the purpose of this research, emphasis
are on water pollution and control.
management
ABSTRACT
Human activities including industrialization and agricultural practices contributed immensely in
no small measure to the degradation and pollution of the environment which adversely has an effect on
the water bodies (rivers and ocean) that is a necessity for life. This paper tries to discuss basically what
water pollution is and equally to address the source, effect control and water pollution management as
a whole. Some recommendations such as introduction of environmental education were mentioned.
Keyword: Environmental Education; Pollution; Management; Phytoremediation; Biomass and Control
1. INTRODUCTION
The importance of water for sustenance of life cannot be overemphasized. Whether it is
in use of running water in our homes, rearing cattle and growing crops in our farms, or the
increased uses in industry, remain immeasurable. It is important therefore, to not that
depletion of this commodity either through contamination, or careless use results in serous
consequences.
2. WATER POLLUTION
Water is considered polluted if some substances or condition is present to such a degree
that the water cannot be used for a specific purpose. Olaniran (1995) defined water pollution
to be the presence of excessive amounts of a hazard (pollutants) in water in such a way that it
is no long suitable for drinking, bathing, cooking or other uses. Pollution is the introduction of
a contamination into the environment (Webster.com, 2010). It is created by industrial and
commercial waster, agricultural practices, everyday human activities and most notably,
models of transportation. No matter where you go and what you do, there are remnants earths
environmental and its inhabitants in many ways. The three main types of pollution are: Land
Pollution, Air Pollution and Water Pollution. Both for the purpose of this research, emphasis
are on water pollution and control.
Remedies for Water Pollution
Pollution of pond water, source of drinking water and the water used by human being in their day to day life must be prevented. But it is too tough to control reverine water pollution. The following remedial measures may be taken to improve the environment:
Sewage water must not be directly poured into any water body. Before pouring sewage water must be treated with lime or by any other means.
pond or in any other water body urination or defections must be not being done. Polluted waters should not be consumed.
Awareness campaigns for drinking boiled water should be encouraged.
Stagnant water should be removed to prevent breeding of mosquito. When water borne diseases appear it must be detected and vaccination should be done accordingly.
Factory owners should take appropriate measures to stop the discharge of waste into lake, rivers and oceans.
General awareness to the common people about health should be increased by means of seminar, symposiums etc.
Care must be given specially to children and the diseased person, separately
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